Why your ears hurt during a flight
During takeoff and landing, cabin pressure changes. If the pressure in your middle ear does not adjust with it, you may feel fullness, pain or muffled hearing. Sinus pressure affects the air-filled spaces around your nose; a flight can trigger both. This guide focuses on ear pressure.
For mild pressure discomfort
Swallowing, yawning or chewing gum may help your ears adjust. Avoid forcing a pressure-clearing manoeuvre that hurts. Mayo Clinic explains these measures and the symptoms of airplane ear.
Before you fly
Speak with a clinician if you have severe congestion, an ear or sinus infection, recent surgery, or a history of significant pain during flights. Ask whether you should postpone travel and what is suitable for you. Decongestants are not appropriate for everyone, and children's treatment needs separate advice.
The CDC's air-travel guidance covers pressure-related problems and preflight health checks.
When to get help
Seek prompt medical assessment for severe pain, bleeding, vertigo or significant hearing changes. Have lingering pain or muffled hearing checked too. Tell cabin crew if you become unwell during the flight.
In Japan, the emergency and visitor-assistance numbers can help you find the right service.
Next step: use the flight comfort guide to plan the rest of your journey.
CDC and Mayo Clinic guidance checked 1 October 2026.
